Heating system



A118*- 215 1934-v w. B. MANGQLD ET Al. 1,97%269 HEATING SYSTEM Filed Aug. 5, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet, 1

, Eg; El@ .IE5 255;. Y 66 Il Il Aug.. 2l, 1934.

w. B. MANGOLDF ET AL HEATING SYSTEM Filed Aug. 5, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 l'lg'. 219 1934.I W. B. MANGoLlD Er m.;

HEATING SYSTEM Filed Aug'. 5, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 1934 w. B. MANGOLD Er AL 1,971,269

HEATING SYSTEMl Filed Aug. 5, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Aug. 21,

l/E D ./7 05557 l 6 5 M Mw 9 m 5 w catturati Aug. ai, reci NITE HEATING SYSTEM William E. Mangold, @ak Park, and August it.. Rusteberg, liicago, Ill.

Application August '5, 1932, Serial No. 627,61@

26 Claims.

This invention relates to a heating system and will be described as incorporated in a gas heater and controlling mechanism therefor.

An object of this invention is the provision of an improved heating system particularly suitable for the eicient burning of gas and the heating of a boiler or the like.k

Another object is the provision of such a heater which has combined and associated therewith an improved controlling mechanism.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

On the drawings:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional View through a gas heater-incorporating my invention.

Figure 2 is a vertical section taken on the line II-II of Figurel.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 11i-III of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a vertical section through a portion v4of that shown'in Figure 1 and taken substantially on the line IV--IV of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a horizontal section taken on substantially the line V--V of Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a vertical section through a fragment of the multiple burnerf disclosing a burner and associated parts iragmentarily.

Figure 7 is an end elevation of a burner element of the type disclosed in section in Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a plan view of a portion of the controlling mechanism and is taken on the line v VIII- VIII of Figure 1.

Figure 9 is an elevation of the main gas valve operating mechanism.

Figure 10 is a fragmentary elevation of a portion of the air conduit and associated mechanism.

Figure 11 is a section taken on substantially tne line XI-Xl 'of Figure 10, showing the mercury. switch tube in elevation. l l

Figure l2 is a longitudinal section taken through Athe mechanism shown in Figure 10.l Y

Figure 13 is a side elevation of timing mechanism for actuating the lighting device for the burner and Y.

Figure Mis an end elevation of that shown in Figure 13, disclosing associated partsfrag- 50 mentarily.

Figurev 15v is a'vl horizontal enlarged section taken on the line XV--XV ofFigure 1.

Figure 16is an elevational view, with parte in* section, of the pilot light and thermostat con- 55 trol.

j tubes or pipes 36 with the steam space 12 to per- Figure 1'! is a layout of the wiring diagram oi" the electrical system.

As shown on the drawings:

The gas heater herein disclosed for illustrating the preferred form of my invention includes a @0l boiler designated generally by numeral 5 and including spaced walls 6 and 'I :forming an annular Water chamber 8 adapted to contain water in the lower portion and steam in the upper portion. The top portion of the boiler is provided with spaced walls 9 and 1l providing therebetween a space for the accumulation of `steam' designated by a numeral 12. A steam discharge conduit 13 is suitably fixed to 'the wall 9 by a collalla havinga flange 15 secured to the wall 9. The wall 'ill 11 hasan opening therethrough in which is iitted a conduit 17 which passes through the'steam chamber 12 and through the wall '7 where it communicates with a conduit 18 and is held in alignment therewith, and rigidly in position by a collar 16 fixed to the wall '1. The conduits 17 and 18 serve for the discharge of the products of combustion from the combustion space in the boiler.

The lower edges of the walls 6 and 'l 'are rigidly held in spaced relation at the bottom by aJbase wall 19 which seats on the main supporting base 21. The base 21 is provided with a base ange 22 adapted to rest on a floor -or the like, and with a boiler flange 23 within which the boiler structure is seated and thereby held in place. Aiiange 24 adjacent the opposite en`d of the base is provided for conning and holding in place, a housing 25 adapted to contain controlling mechanism.

Also seated on the base 21 inwardly of the walls iis an annular boiler chamber 26 on the top wall 27 of which are. disposed a plurality of refractory elements 28 which are disposed in position such that they will be impinged by flames from the multiple gas biirner to be hereinafter described, for effecting a turbulent motion to the contents of the combustion chamber to aid in the process `tof combustion'and distribution of heat by con'- vection and radiation to the various water chambers comprising the boiler'. A plurality of water tubes 31 extend from the boiler chamber 26 to a 100 larger water chamber 32N disposed thereabove. The water chamber 32 comprises an annular side wall 33 and top and bottomwalls 34 and 35. The

upper end of the chamber 32 is connected by short mit the flow of steam from the chamber 32 in the manner shown in Figure 1.

A-relatively narrow space is provided between the wall 33 of the chamber 2, and the wall 6 for permitting the passageof the products of com-` 11.0

bustion around the edges of the chamber 32 to the discharge conduit 17. This space is indicated by numeral 38 in Figure 1. A similar space 39 is provided above the top wall 34 of the chamber 32 for the same purpose. In addition to the spaces 38 and 39, tubes 41 are provided through the chamber 32 which tubes lead from the lower portion of the combustion chamber 42, to the space 39 for facilitating the heating of water in the chamber 32 by passing the products of combustion directly through the chamber 32.

A water compartment or chamber 43 formed of inner and outer walls and a top wall is positioned centrally in the heater and connected for communication with the chamber 32 through a water tube 44. Water is admitted to the chambers 8, 26 and 43 through the conduits 45, 46 and 47 respectively as shown in Figure 15. The conduits 45, 46, and 47 are each connected to a water in-l take conduit 48 which may receive water for the boiler from any suitable source.

Applicants multiple burner herein illustrated comprises a mixing chamber 51 centrally disposed in the bottom portion of the combustion chamber. The lower end of the mixing chamber forms an air intake conduit 52 adapted to receive air from the conduit 53. The main gas line 54 for supplying gas to the multiple burner, passes through the side of the conduit 52`and has its ends turned upwardly and terminating in a ltering and mixing device 55 best shown in Figures l and 4. Air is admitted to the chamber 57 through a conduit 58 from a conduit 59 and upwardly through the passageway 61 shown in Figures 4 and 15. Air is admitted to the combustion chamber around the multiple burner, through openings 62 from the annular chamber 63 which receives air through the conduit 64 communicating with a conduit 65. The conduits 53, 59, and 65 communicate with the main air conduit 66 through a flared hood element 67 best shown in Figures 1 and 5. The conduits 53, 59, and65, are provided respectively with controlling dampers 67, 68, and 69 respectively having associated' therewith controlling levers 71, 72, and 73 which may bevactuated in any suitable manner for controlling the relative amounts of air to be 'admitted to the respective conduits.

Referring now to Figures 6 and 7, the specific construction of the individual burners, is disclosed. Each burner comprises a gas supply tube 75 having threaded engagement in an opening 76' in the wall of the mixing chamber 51. The tube 75 extends substantially radially and is provided with a longitudinallv extending partition adjacent the outer end, which partition serves to divide the gas passing through the tube 75. The partition 76 is provided with slots 81 at the outer end which slots unite at the end leaving a tapered portion 82 therebetween which serves as a guide to the air which enters the sides of the tube through' the slots 77 therein, along the sides of the partition element 76. The slots 8l are narrower than the thickness of the partition element such that they leave side portions 79 dividing the gas as it leavesthe tube 75. This arrangement permits the introduction of air into the center of the gas flame and eliminates the production of a vacuum at the end of the burner. The burner is preferably provided with air tubes 83 passing through the water chamber 43, which tubes are adapted to receive air from the air chamber 57 and directthe air to the end of the burner.

In order to light the multiple burner, I have provided a lighter 85 having gas openings 86 Larme@ through which gas is ejected. The gas ejected from the openings 86 is directed over the ends of the individual burners of the multiple burner, such that the lighting of the multiple burner is effected. `Gas isv admitted to the lighter 85 through the gas conduit 87, the supply of gas through which is controlled as will be hereinafter described. A pilot burner is provided for igniting the lighter 85. The pilot burner consists of a tubular member 88 having therein a nozzle 89 and openings 91 adjacent the nozzle, through which air is admitted from the conduit 92. In the upper portion 93 of the tube 88 the gas and air is mixed and is discharged through a slot 94 adjacent the upper end of the tube. The mixture discharging from the slot 94 is normally ignited and impinges as a flame upon the refractory head 95 which spreads the flame and directs it upwardly beyond the gas outlets 86 in the lighter 85, to insure a quick and positive lighting of the gas discharging from the openings 86 which lighted gas in turn ignites the mixture of gas and air discharging from the individual burners of the multiple burner.

For the purpose of preventing overheating of the combustion chamber, I have provided a thermostatic rod 96 shown in Figure 16 which rod is disposed within a relatively non-expansible tube 97. The tubes 97 and 88 are preferably enclosed within a shield 98, however upon excessive heat in the combustion chamber, the thermostatic rod 96 expands longitudinally and opens a suitable switch 99 breaking the connection between conductors 101 and 102. As any suitable switch may be used, vthe details of such a switch are not herein illustrated or described. It will be understood that when the thermostatio element 96 again cools, the switch 99 again closes and the conductors 101 and 102 are again electrically connected. 4.

In order to insure that gas will not be discharged into the combustion chamber of the boiler without sufcient supply of air for the complete combustion of the gas, I have provided suitable controlling means. An electric motor 103 is provided which operates an air blower or fan shown diagrammatically at 104 in Figures 1, 2, and 8. The blower 104 passes air through the conduit means 66 which conduit means is provided with an inner air tube 105 shown in Figure 12. The end of the tube 105 is normally closed by a lid 106 but is adapted to be lifted by the movement of air through the tube 105. If for any reason a backward forceorexplos'ion Ashould occur in the combustion chamber, the lid 106 will close, to check the backward force. As shownl in Figures 10, 11, and 12 the lid 106 is xed to a rod 107 which passes through the conduit 66 and has secured on one end thereof a mercury tube 108 by means of a holdery 109, such that when 1 extends to a conductor 11'74which is connected 115 to ground at 118.

Within the tube 105 shown in Figure 12, is disposed an air damper 121 mounted on a shaft 122 best shown in Figure 11, which shaft has on one end an arm 123 adapted to engage a. de- 159 pending pin A124,011 the rod 107 for facilitating the lifting of the lid 106 when the damper 121 is moved to the horizontal position shown in broken lines in Figure 12. The opposite end of the shaft 122 is provided with a weight 125 which normally holds the damper 121 in a substantially vertical position. Disposed on the end of the shaft 122 is a crank arm 126 having xed thereto a crank element 127 adapted to be actuated by a timing mechanism for therlighter 85 as will be presently described.

A timing mechanism adapted to be actuated by a motor 128 disposed in the electric circuit of conductors 129 and 130, has a worm gear 131 on thearmature shaft 132, which gear is adapted to 'drive a gear 133, which in `turn actuates a' timing gear 134 on a shaft 135 on which is also disposed a cam element 136. A lever yfarm 137 is pivoted at 138 on a rigid supporting member J139. Intermediate the' ends of the arm'137, is

provided a vertical projection or cam follower 141 which rides on the cam 136. AThe follower 141 is best shown in Figures 13 and 1, is adapted to open vmovable through a guide member 146. The arm and closethe Valve 144 by reason of its vertical movement. The link 143 comprises two verticall extending portions offset from each other by a orizontally extending portion, this arrangement being utilized for mechanical expediency only. Y

To the free .end of the oscillating lever arm 137 shown in Figure 13, is pivotally secured a verticallyV extending switch actuating arm 145 145 is held against the guide portionor member 146 by a coiled spring1'47. The extreme upper end of the arm.145lis provided `with an out-A wardly-turned endv 148 adapted to serve as a. cam whenengaged by the end of the switch arm 149 for pressing the arm 145 outwardly and permits downward oscillation 4ofV the switch arm 149.

' 'Adjacent theupper end ofthe arm 145 is formed a cam portion 151 which upon upward movement of the arm 145 causes the same to move outwardly to the position shown in Figure 13. Upon downward movement of the arm 145, the cam portion 151 moves beneath the guide member1i46 and the spring 147 draws the arm 145 sufficiently` inwardly that the upper end 148 engages under the end of the switch arm 149 such that upon a subsequent upward movement of the arm 145, the switch arm 1'49 is oscillatedL upwardly. Sei cured adjacent the free end of the oscillating lever arm 137, is a' link member152 having a `4vertical slot 153v therein `through which a. screw 154 extends for adjustably locking a contact member 155 to the link 152,. 'The' contact member 155 engages the reduced end 156 on-the shaft 127 shown in Figures 10, 11, 13, and 14,` which shaft controls `the `movement 4of the .air damperI 121 on the shaft 122 best illustrated in'Figure 12.

In order to effect the downward movement of the toggle switch arm 1149, I have provided an link 158. A coiled spring 159xed at one end to a rigidly positioned element\161 and atthe other end to a depending lug 162` on the link 1'58, normally urges the outer end of the link 158 downwardly.` A coiled spring 163 engaging the L-shaped arm 156 and the link 158, serves to urge the vertical portion 164 of the arm 156 into contact with the toggle switch arm 129. Upon downward movement of the outer end of thelink 158, the arm 156 is drawn downwardly while the spring 163 holds the upper arm thereof into contact with the toggle switch arm 149 for actuating the switch. In order to release the upper portion 164 of the arm 156 from the toggle switch arm, apin 166 is providedv in the arm 156, which pin is adapted to engage the upper surface of the link 158 as shown in Figure 13 whereby extreme downward movement Vof the arm 158 causes the upper end 164 of the'arm 156 to be moved outwardly'thereby disengaging the toggle switch arm sufficiently to permit the same to be moved upwardly by a subsequent upward movement of the controlling arm' 145 on the oscam 136 on the gear 134. f

Adjacent the outer end of the link 158 is pivotally secured a depending link 167 sho in. Figures 9 and 13 which link is pivotally secured at 168 to oneendof the main valve actuating arm `169 shown in Figure 9. The arm 169 ispivoted at 171 'to a support 172. A Ivalve rod 173 on the actuating arm 169'is adapted to open and close the maina gas valve in the gas line 5'4 disposed therebeneath. For actuating the arm 169 I employ a conventional mechanism ^of any suitable type herein illustrated as a motor 115 operating.

through a suitable train of gears to raise on a hook member 174 pivoted on the `arm 169 for raising the same to actuate the gas valve. Alsov pivotally secured to one end of the arm 169 is a link 175 which is secured at 176 to an oscillatq ing member 177`andon which is mounted a mercuryswitch element 178 such that when the motor 115 is actuated to vopen the gas valve, the' oscillating arm 177 is moved'upwardly or clock- Y wise as 4shown in Figure 9 to. close a` circuit through the conductors 179 and 181 for closing a circuit through the timing mechanism by way of conductor 181, switch 182, and conductor 129 to the return conductor 130. In Figure 17.1 have shown a diagrammatic'illustration of the wiring diagram,to`which reference may be had for more clearly understand` ing the operation of this device. Numeral 185 designates an electric conductor extending fromv a suitable source of power not herein illustrated. Whenit is desired to actuate my improved gas heating mechanism, it is rst necessary to close the main switch 184. VNumerals 183 and96 re" spectively designate. a room thermostat and the heater thermostat which are actuated 'automatlcally at predetermined.temperatures. Assuming.

Y that the temperature is sutliciently low that these' thermostats close" the circuit through the conthereby forced through the conduit 4means 66v and which vcauses the air check valve 106\tot open thereby oscillating the mercury switch 108' 1anA closing acirc'uit through conductor .1,12 and 113v to the mainjgas valve motor 115 which upon actuation opens the valve and closes -the circuit by. the mercurytswitch 178 'through conductors 179 and 181 t0 the switch 182 (which Switch isA actuated by the valve operatingarm 169 through -the associated link 167 and 158 together with the arm 156 the, upper end of,v which 164 is provided with arhookportionenga'geable overthe 135 ductors 186,' 101 and 102 to the blower motor 103,

143,causes the valve 144 to open the gas line to the Ilighting`V device for the main burner. The time -required for one rotation of the stem 13 6 is a small interval of time as may be required such for instance as some ten to twenty seconds.

As-the cam 136 completes one revolution, the

arm 137 again assumes its uppermost position moving with it the link 143 to close the valve 144 and at the same time vertically moving the switch control arm 145 which engages beneath the pin 191 on the oscillating switch arm 149 to oscillate the switch to the position shown in Figure 13 and open the same thereby breaking the circuit through the motor 128 and stopping the timing mechanism.

When the main switch 184 is first closed, the` gas line 195 to the pilot 93 is open and the pilot `is lighted which upon operation of the timing device as above pointed out ignites the gas from the lighter which gas is directed over the ends of the individual burners illustrated in Figure 3 to lightthe main burner. When the main gas valve is opened by the motor 115, gas passes through the conduit 54 and through the mixing chamber 51 to the individual burners 83 which are ignited in the manner hereinbefore set forth in detail. When the electric circuit through the motor 103 is broken either by the main switchv 184 or by either of the thermostats, by reason of excessive temperature in the room to be heated or in the heater itself, thel motor 103 stops permitting the air check valve 106 to closebreaking the circuit through the gas motor 115.` When the circuit to this motor is broken, the necessary torque required to hold the valve open, ceases and the valve is automatically closed by a reverse movement of the motor and the train of `gears associated therewith caused by a suitable'closing spring not shown which acts ,on the valve rod l173 to close the valve.

In addition to the, above described airJ check valve 106 'for preventing a return force through the conduit means 66, we have provided an addi-v tional check valve 196 whiclnserves as an added safety in case ofv backfire. l

From the foregoing description it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art thatA our invention as herein illustrated and described is susceptible of modifications without departing from the principle of the invention and we desire that the patent to be granted hereon shall not in the supply member to permit the introduction ot air between the gas discharging on opposite sides of the partition, and prevent the formation of a vacuum at the outer end of the burner.

. 2. A gas burner comprisinga hollow gas supply member, a longitudinally disposed partition element. in said supply member adjacent one end thereof, said supply member having aperturesin the sides along the edges of said partition element, said partition element having slots in its edges extending to the outer end of the partition element, for receiving air through the apertures in the supply member to permit the introduction of air between Vthegas discharging on opposite sides of the partition, and prevent the formation of a vacuum at the outer end of the burner and means disposed about said supply member for delivering air adjacent the' outer end thereof.

3. In a gas burner unit comprising a central mixing chamber, means for introducing gas into said chamber, an air chamber surrounding said mixing chamber, there being perforations through the bottom of the mixing chamber for the entrance of air,'a plurality of burners associated with said chambers and including a supply membe for each burner communicating with said-mixing chamber to receive commingled gas and air therefrom, and an air conduit for each said burners disposed about the outer portion of said supply member, being fully open at the end and terminating short of the end of said supply member and communicating with said air chamber.

4. Ina gas burner unit comprising a central mixing chamber, means for introducing gas into said chamber, an air chamber surrounding said mixing chamber, there being perforations through the bottom/of the mixing chamber for the entrance of"air, a plurality of burners associated with said chambers and including a'. supply member for each burner communicating with said mixing chamber to receive commingled gas and air therefrom, and an air conduit for each said burners disposed about the outer portion of said supply member, being fully open at the end and terminating short of the end of said supply member and communicating with said air chamber andmeans for delivering'air under pressure to said air chamber.

5. In a. gas burner unit comprising a central ,Y

mixing chamber, means for introducing gas into said chamber, an air chamber lsurrounding said mixingV chamber, there being perforations through the bottom f the mixing chamber for the entrance of air, a plurality of burners associated with said chambers and including a'supply member for each burner communicating with said mixing chamber to receive commingled gas and air therefrom, and an air conduit for eacn said burners disposed about the outer portion of said supply member, being fully open at the end and terminating shprt of the end of said supply member and communicating with said air chamber/and a supplemental air chamber surrounding the outer ends of said burners.

6. In a gas burner unit comprising a central mixing chamber, means for introducing gas into said chamber, anair'chamber surrounding said mixing chamber, there being perforations through the bottom of the mixing chamber for the entrance of air, a plurality vof burners associated with said chambers and including a supply member for each burner communicating with said mixing chamber to receive commingled gas and air therefrom, and an air conduit for each said burners disposed about the outer portion of said ,supplyA member, being fully open at the end and terminating short of the end-of said supply member and communicating with said air chamber;J a supplemental air chamber surrounding the outer ends of said burners and refractory bailes in said supplemental air chamber in the tion of said supply member, being fully open at' the end and terminating short ofthe end of said supply member and communicating with said air chamber, a water jacket disposed about said airchamber and having apertures therethrough for receiving said airconduit. i

8. Ina gas burner unit comprising a central mixing chamber, means for introducing gas into said chamber, an air chamber surrounding said mixing chamber, there being perforations through the bottom of the. mixing chamber for the entrance of air, a plurality of burners associ- 30 ated with said chambers and including a supply member for each burner, communicating with -said mixing chamber to receive commingled gas and air therefrom, and an air conduit for each said burners disposed about the outer portion .of

and 'terminating short of the end ofrsaid supply member and communicating with lsaid air cham- Y ber, a water jacket disposed about said air chamber and having apertures therethrough for re- 40 ceiving said air conduit and a supplemental air chamber surrounding vthe outer' ends 0I said burners.

9. In a gas burner unit comprising a central mixing chamber, means forintroducing gas into mixing chamber, there being perforations through the bottom of the mixing chamber for the entrance of air, a plurality o f burners associated with said chambers and including a supply "i'ne'mber for each burner .communicating with said mixing chamber to receive\comming1ed gas and air therefrom, and an air conduit foreachsaid burnersdisposed'about the outerwportion of said supply member, being fully open at the end terminating short of theiend of said supply member. and communicating with said air cham- 10. In a'gas'burner unit comprising amixing chamber, means for introducing gasinto-said chamber, a water' 4jacket disposed about and vspaced from said mixing chamber, providing an ,air -chamber therebetween, a plurality of` gas burners extending through the .water jacket and 'io disposed to receive commingled gas and air from l the mixing chamber, and additional air, from the air chamber, a source of air supply, and means for propdrtioning the air supply to each chamber. 1'1. In a gas burner unit comprising a mixing chamber, means for introducing gas into said said supply member, being fully open `at the end saidchamber, an air .chamber Csurrounding saidv chamber, a water jacket disposed about -and spaced vfrom said mixing chamber, providing an air chamber therebetween, a plurality of,v gas burners extending through the Water jacket and disposed to receive commingled gas and air from the Imixing chamber, and additional air from the air chamber and a plurality of refractory bailles spaced apart and disposed vertically in the path of name from the'gas burners and at an acute angle to the direction of extension of the'burners., l2. In 'a gas fburner unit comprising a mixing chamber, vmeans for Aintroducing 4gas into 'said chamber, a Water jacket disposed about and V)spaced from said mixing chamber, providing-an air chamber therebetween, a plurality of gas burners extending through the water jacket and disposed to receive commingled gas and air from the mixing chamber, and additional airirom the air chamben'the bottom of the mixing chamber being the top of a second air chamber and having perforations therethrough to permit the entrance o'f air tothe mixing chamber from the second air chamber and a plurality of refractory baiiies spacedlapartand disposed vertically in the path `of name from said gas burners andat an acute angle to the direction of extension ofA said burners.

13. In a gas burner unit ,comprising a mixing chamber, means for introducing gas into said chamber, a water jacket disposed about and spacedvfrom said mixing chamber, providing an air chamber therebetween, a plurality of Vgas burners extending through the water jacket and disposed to receive commingled gas and air from the mixing chamber, and additional air from the f air chamber,- means for delivering-l air under -pressure to said `chambers and means for regulating the relative amounts of air being delivered to 'each of the chambers.

714, In' a gas burner unit comprising amixug I A chamber, means for introducing gas into said chamber,- a Vwater jacket disposed about and spaced from Vsaid mixing chamber, providing an 5 air chamber therebetween, a plurality of gas' burners extending through the water jacket and disposed to receive commingled gas andair from the-mixing chamber, and additional air from the air chamber, means for delivering `air under pressure to said chambers and means for regu# lating the relative amounts of air being delivered to each of the chambers anda pluralityof re- Iractory baiiies disposedin the path of iiame from the gas burners andaat an angle to the direction .of extension of said burners.

15. In 'a gas burner unit comprising a mixing chamber, means for introducing gas into chamber, a water jacket disposed about 'and spaced from said mixing chamber, providing an air chamber therebetween, 'a plurality of Agas burners extendingthrough the water jacket and disposed to receive commingled gas and air from v the mixing chamber, and additional air from the air-chamber, the bottom of the mixingchamber being ,the top of a second air chamber and having perforations therethrough to permit the entrance of air to the mixing chamber from the second'air chamber, means for delivering air under pressure to said chambersand means for regulating the -relative amounts of air being delivered to each of the'chambers.

chamber, means' for introducing gas into said ch ber, a water jacket disposed about and spaced from said mixing chamber, pnoviding an air chamber therebetween, a plurality of gas burners extending through the water jacket and l 13,111 a'.- gas burner unit comprising a mixing 145 vdisposed to receive commingled gas and air from the mixing chamber, and additional air from the being the top of a second air chamber and having perforations therethrough to permit the entrance of air to the mixing chamber from the second air chamber, means for delivering air under pressure to said chambers and means for regulating the relative yamounts of air being delivered to each of the chambers, and a plurality of refractory bales disposed in the path of ame from said gas burners and at an angle to the direction of extension of said burners.

17. In a gas heater in combination, a multiple gas burner and a plurality of water chambers for containing water to be heated, said multiple ers extending radially from said mixing chamber, separate means for delivering gas and air to said mixing chamber, refractory means comprising a separate baille for each individual burner, and

- arranged in spaced relation and at a small angle to a radial direction and disposed to be impinged by flame from said multiple burner, said water chambers being disposed below and above said refractory means, and means providing communication between said water chambers.

18. In a gas heaterin combination, a multiple gas burner and a plurality of water chambers for containing water to be heated, said multiple gas burner comprising a centrally disposed mixing chamber and a plurality of individual burners extending radially from said mixing chamber, separate means for delivering gas and air to said mixing chamber, refractory means disposed to be impinged by flame from said multiple burner, said water chambers being disposed below and above said refractory means, and .means providing communication between said water chambers and' another water chamber disposed inwardly of said refractory means to receive radiant 20. In a gas heater in combination, a multiple gas burner and a plurality of water chambers for containing water to .be heated, refractory means disposed to be impinged by flame from said multiple burner,'said Iwater chambers being disposed above and below said refractory means, and means providing communication between said water chambers and other water chambers disposed respectively inwardly of said refractory means and outwardly of said refractory means to receive radiant heat therefrom.

'isA

21. In a gas heater in combination, a multiple gas burner and a plurality of water chambers for containing water to be heated', said multiple gas burner comprising a centrally disposed mixing chamber and a plurality of individual burners extending radially from said mixing chamber, separate means for delivering gas and air to said mixing chamber, refractory means disposed yto be impinged by flame from said multiple burner, said water chambers being disposed below and above said refractory means, and means providing communication between said water chambers and other water chambers disposed respectively inwardly of said refractory means and outwardly of said refractory means to rey,ceive radiant heat therefrom. gas burner comprising a centrally disposed mix-m ing chamber and a plurality of individual burn- 22. In a gas burner, a centrally disposed mixing chamber for gas and air, a plurality of burner outlets therefrom, means for separately delivering gas and air to said mixing chamber, means for separately delivering secondary air enveloping each of said burners, and means for introducing a portion ofV the secondary air into the center of the flame beyond the ignition zone at the end of said burners.

23.y In a7 gas burner, a mixing chamber for gas and air, a burner outlet therefrom, means for separately controlling the introduction of gas and air into said mixing chamber, means for separately delivering secondary air as' an annular sheath surrounding the flame issuing from said burner, and means for introducing a portion of the secondary air into the center of the flame 'beyond the ignition zone at the burner outlet.

24. In .a gas burner, a mixing chamber for gas and air, a burner outlet therefrom, means for separately controlling the introduction of for separately delivering secondary' air as an annular sheath surrounding the flame issuing from said burner, and means for introducing secondary air into the center of the flame beyond the ignition zone at the burner outlet.

25. In a gas burner, a mixing chamber for gas and air, aburner outlet therefrom, means for separately controlling the introduction of gas and air into said mixing chamber, means for separately delivering secondary air` asan annular sheath surrounding the fiame issuing from said burner, Aand means for introducing a portion of the secondary air into the center of the flame at the burner outlet.

26. In a gas burner, a mixing chamber for gas and air, aburner outlet therefrom, means for separately controlling `the introduction of gas and air into said mixing chamber, means for separately delivering secondary air as an annular sheath surrounding the flame issuing from said burner, `and means for introducing secondary air into the center of the flame at the burner outlet.

WILLIAM B. MANGOLD. AUGUST A. RUSTEBERG. 

